In June 1906, Jews were murdered in Bialystok, Poland, when a pogrom, a mass assault, broke out. Fellow Jews gathered around the bodies of the Jewish victims to mourn. The pogroms were outbreaks of mass violence directed against minority religious, ethnic, and social groups.
The Belostok (Białystok) pogrom broke out on June 14-16, 1906, in Białystok, then part of the Russian Empire in Poland. At the pogrom, about 81-88 Jews were murdered by soldiers of the Imperial Russian Army, the Black Hundred, and the Chernoye Znamir, and about 80 were wounded.In the 1880s and 1890s, after the assassination of Russian Emperor Aleksandr II, a series of targeted pogroms of Russian Polish Jews mass massacres had broken out. Białystok became one of a series of assaults on Jews that occurred between 1903 and 1908, including pogroms in Kishinev, Odessa, and Kiev before and after.
Anti-Semitic violence was bandied about as a collective assault during the Russian Revolution of 1905-1907. Identifying the Jews with the revolution, the organization of the Russian People's Union was later formally organized. Loyalist groups, dubbed the Black Hundred, attacked Jews and other groups of questionable loyalty, such as students and rural teachers. Hundreds of Jews were killed in counterrevolutionary riots in Odessa and Kiev. Both civilian and military authorities were widely accused of inaction and passivity in the pologram affair.
Sporadic violence continued after the Russian Revolution. The cruelest was a pogrom in Białystok, Kingdom of Poland, on June 1 (June 13), 1906, in which more than 70 people were killed and self-defense by the Jews increased, organized by the revolutionary party of Bund, which was at odds with the authorities. The attribution of responsibility for the Pogrom incident was complicated. The Russian government, for its part, decided that the pogroms in Gomel and Bialystok were Jewish pogroms and an attack by Jews against Christians.
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