Victims of the Battle of Bully in the vicinity of Kilmallock on July 30, 1922, are treated by a Free Irish Army medical unit during the Irish Civil War, which began with the signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty on December 6, 1921, and lasted from June 28, 1922, to May 24, 1923. Approximately more than 1,000 Irishmen lost their lives. The pro-treaty, Free State forces accepted the status of the British Dominion. The anti-treaty forces, the anti-treaty forces, saw the compromise as a betrayal.
The Battle of Kilmallock, one of the largest battles in the Irish Civil War, broke out in County Limerick, Ireland, between July 25 and August 5, 1922. The battle unfolded over ten days of fighting in the surrounding countryside. As the Free State forces moved south from County Limerick, fighting in the villages of Bruff, Bully, and Patrickswell ended with the withdrawal of the Anti-Treaty forces and the capture of Kilmallock by the Free State forces.
Initially the Anti-Treaty forces had the upper hand, but on July 23 the Free State forces occupied Bruff and began their advance to Kilmallock. Twice repulsed by the resistance of the Anti-Treaty forces, on July 24 the Anti-Treaty forces recaptured Bruch in a counterattack, taking 76 prisoners. In frustration, the Free State Army halted its advance and waited for reinforcements.
The Free State forces recaptured Bruch soon after the reinforcements arrived. With the anti-Treaty forces' war situation worsening, the capture of the anti-Treaty strongholds was not progressing, and casualties were mounting. The Free State's Dublin Guards, supported by armored vehicles and field artillery, attacked the town of Bulley from the southeast. About 13 Free State soldiers and 9 Anti-Treaty soldiers were killed in action and many more wounded as the Free State forces secured Bulley.
On August 2, the Anti-Treaty forces captured Patrickswell, south of Limerick. Armored cars ambushed the Free State forces and attacked Bully. An armored car attacked the Free State Army headquarters at the railroad hotel; a second armored car raided another garrison and persuaded the 25 anti-treaty troops inside to surrender.
When reinforcements arrived for the armored vehicles and the Free State forces, the counterattack by the anti-treaty forces stalled. The Free State commander led the reinforcements and commanded his troops from an armored car. Unable to secure the surrender of Bully, the anti-treaty forces withdrew. The Irish Civil War was ultimately won by the Free State forces, who captured all city centers by late August 2023.
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