Japanese class B and C war criminals in the Pacific War were tried by a military court in Shanghai, China, and a Japanese general was executed in public. The executioner shot a bullet into the back of the head with a pistol, and the condemned man became a corpse lying on the execution site.

　Japanese class B and C war criminals in the Pacific War were executed by Japanese generals after a military trial at a military court in Shanghai, China. At an open-air execution site in Shanghai, the condemned were strapped to their backs with a stupa, a grave marker for the dead with the war criminal's crimes written on it. The Chinese public clamored around the kneeling Japanese general. The executioner aimed a pistol at the back of the Japanese general head.

　　

　During World War II, the Allies established the International Military Tribunal for the Far East in Tokyo to try Class A Japanese war criminals. Other trials for Class B and C war criminals were held in Shanghai, Jinan, Wuhan, Taiyuan, Taiwan, Manila, Singapore, Yangon, Saigon, and Khabarovsk. The total number of various Japanese war criminals indicted by the Allies was about 5,423, and those sentenced were about 4,226, of which about 941 were executed. By February 1949, about 145 Japanese war criminals had been sentenced to death. Military tribunals were also established in the U.S., the U.K., and Australia, and about six people were executed in the U.S., 21 in the U.K., and five in Australia.

　While the Tokyo Trials tried Class A war criminals after the Pacific War, the Yokohama, Manila, Rabaul, Singapore, Shanghai, Guangdong, and other war zones tried Class B and C war criminals, military tribunals for those who committed atrocities against non-combatants (including POWs), a common war crime. Many of the Class B and C war criminals, including Generals Yamashita Bokufumi and Honma Masaharu, who were held responsible for their management as commanders, and others who were accused of committing atrocities, were harshly treated without satisfactory protection and procedures under the law, and those sentenced to death were executed in the penitentiary. Japanese generals sentenced to death were executed in the penitentiary.

　 Although there were unavoidable aspects to the atrocities committed by the Japanese military, such as the testimonies of victims and eyewitnesses, were used as evidence without examination. It is undeniable that some of those executed or imprisoned were innocent, partly due to misunderstandings caused by mistaken identity and customs, and partly due to accusations of personal grudges.

　  Class BC war criminals are war criminals who are categorized as "common war crimes" or "crimes against humanity" under the ordinances of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East and the Ordinances of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East, which were promulgated by the Allied Powers. Those who were considered war criminals and charged with crimes were referred to as "Class A war criminals" under Paragraph A. Those charged with crimes against peace were referred to as "Class A war criminals" under Paragraph B. Japanese Class BC war criminals were tried by GHQ in 49 military courts around the world, including Yokohama and Manila. It was estimated that there were about 5,700 defendants and about 1,000 were sentenced to death.

　　At the execution site in Shanghai, the executioner fired a bullet into the back of the head with his pistol, and then fired all the bullets he could muster at the Japanese general condemned prisoner. The executed prisoner became a corpse lying on the execution site.

On the Korean War, Marine patrol closes in on a Korean hut in search of a Communist sniper offering stubborn resistance in front-line action, September 24, 1951. The feet of an enemy casualty are visible in the doorway. Defense Department photo, Marine Corps.

朝鮮戦争において、1951年9月23日に、国連軍は朝鮮半島の38度線の北に数km前進し、約3週間にわたって北朝鮮軍と交戦した。9月24日、アメリカ軍の海兵隊は最前線で頑強に抵抗する共産軍の狙撃兵を探すために、朝鮮人の小屋に迫って掃討した。小屋の入り口には殺害された北朝鮮軍の戦死者の死体の下肢が見えた。

　1951年9月13日に「ブラッディ・リッジ」の北隣の尾根である「ハートブレイク・リッジ」の戦いは、38度線の北側でアメリカ軍第2歩兵師団によって開戦した。約30日間にわたる戦闘の末、1951年10月15日に、3745人の死傷者を出しながら、この地域はアメリカ軍によって確保された。両軍とも多大な損害を被ったため、朝鮮戦争で国連軍が行った最後の大規模な攻撃となった。

　1951年4月11日にトルーマン大統領は、マッカーサー元師を解任した。朝鮮戦争は膠着状態が続いて、朝鮮半島の領土の交換はほとんど行われなかった。1951年7月10日に、国連軍と北朝鮮軍は開城で休戦交渉を開始することに合意した。休戦交渉は8月22日に共産党軍によって打ち切られた。その後、アメリカ軍の第8軍の防御態勢を改善するため、一連の限定的な目標攻撃を開始した。朝鮮半島の中東部のアメリカ軍の第X軍団と韓国軍の第1軍団は、カンザス線への攻撃を有利にする陣地から、北朝鮮軍を追い出すため、カンザス線から約8km〜約11km上方の地形目標（ブラッディーリッジやハートブレイクリッジなど）を目指して戦った。1951年10月最終週までに、これらの目標は確保された。朝鮮半島の38度線沿いで血みどろの膠着状態が続く中で10月25日に、板門店の新しい場所で共産党代表団と国連代表団による休戦交渉が再開された。

On July 5, 1863, in the American Civil War, the bodies of slain Confederates were collected for burial at the edge of Rose Woods, located in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.

　　On July 5, 1863, during the American Civil War, slain Confederate corpses were collected for burial at the edge of Rose Woods, located in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. These Confederate corpses were presumed to be those of Georgia or South Carolina regimental soldiers who fought in and around Rose Woods on July 2, 1863. They were part of the cost of the horrific engagement at Chancellorsville. The Confederacy's greatest loss was Lieutenant General Stonewall Jackson. Hundreds of bodies of dead soldiers from both armies were burned in the night in a burning thicket in the wilderness.

　This is one of a series of photographs taken by war photographers Timothy O'Sullivan and Alexander Gardner near the edge of Rose Woods on July 5 or July 6, 1863. The bodies of the soldiers closest to Boulder lay in shallow graves. The photographers' darkroom wagon can be seen in the background. The photo of the Confederate dead at Rose Woods in Gettysburg shows a row of several men lying face down waiting to be buried, with about three more lying face down.

　The body groups were accumulated for burial before the Confederates retreated. Decomposing and bloated corpses were collected. Often a curved bayonet was used as a hook at the end of the rope that dragged the decomposing and bloated bodies to the final resting place in the cemetery. During the dragging, the pants of the corpses came down. Just before the Confederate soldiers were about to bury the bodies, the burial was left incomplete and a sudden order was given to retreat.

　The Battle of Gettysburg, which broke out between July 1 and July 3, 1863, was the largest land battle fought in North America. At Gettysburg, the Army of Northern Virginia, led by Confederate General Robert Lee, had about 75,000 men. The Union Army of the Potomac, led by General George C. Meade, had an estimated 93,000 men. The Battle of Gettysburg resulted in the loss of approximately 50,000 Union and Confederate soldiers killed, wounded, or missing.

On the Eastern Front of World War II, German army identification badges were removed from Croatians of the Croatian Legion who were killed in action and fell to the ground during the German siege of Stalingrad.

 　On the Eastern Front of World War II, German military identification badges were removed from Croats of the Croatian Legion who were killed in action and on the ground during the German siege of Stalingrad. The Croats fought as part of the 100th Jaeger Division as a non-German unit. The Croatian Legion was the only foreign unit to fight with the Germans in the Battle of Stalingrad.

　The Independent State of Croatia (NDH) was established on April 10, 1941, in the ruins of the destroyed Kingdom of Yugoslavia under German and Italian patronage. Two months later, shortly after the German invasion of the Soviet Union, the Kingdom of Croatia was not involved in the war. On June 23, the day after the start of Operation Barbarossa, Croatian fascist Ustaše leader Ante Pavelić (Ante Pavelić) officially informed Führer Hitler that he would send troops to the Eastern Front, which was accepted. The bulk of the Croatian Independence Army remained on Croatian territory to fight Tito's partisans.

　The Ustashe unit sent to fight the Soviet Red Army consisted of Croatian volunteers. To fight the Soviet Red Army, the Croatian Legion's 369th Reinforced Infantry Regiment of up to 4,000 men was formed. The core consisted of Croats, including many Bosnian Muslims. in early October 1941, the Croat Legion arrived in Ukraine and joined the Soviet offensive of the Southern Army Group. on September 27, 1942, the Croat Legion invaded Stalingrad as part of the German 100th Jäger Division. invaded Stalingrad.

　The Croatian Legion invaded toward the regiment's positions, crawling through the huge trenches that remained after the bombing. Soviet bombers dropped phosphorus bombs and many soldiers were burned alive. The invasion was carried out while sweeping through each building one by one. After a fierce winter battle, the Croatian Legion was virtually obliterated, and those who survived were taken prisoner by the Soviets.

Paramedics carry the body of a man killed by a Russian rocket attack on a food market in Kostiantynivka, Ukraine, on a stretcher on September 6, 2023. About 17 civilian Ukrainians were killed and 33 wounded.

 　Paramedics carry the body of a man on a stretcher after he was killed by a Russian military rocket attack at a food market in the center of the Ukrainian city of Kostiantynivka (Kostiantynivka) on September 6, 2023. Russian missiles tore through an outdoor market in eastern Ukraine, killing about 17 civilian Ukrainians and wounding about 33 others. Kostiantynivka is close to the front lines around Bakhmut, a heavily contested area and frequently crowded with Ukrainian military personnel.

　Russian missiles struck Kostiantynivka in Donetsk Oblast in eastern Ukraine, turning the outdoor market into a searing, charred ruin littered with corpses. There was the wreckage of the market, and near a car engulfed in flames, charred corpses burned in the street, clothes and all. Bodies lay in front of the burning market. Behind a stall selling fresh parsley, rescuers found a woman in plain clothes covered in blood. Paramedics examined the pulse and performed an autopsy on a woman killed in a Russian rocket attack on a food market in Konstantinovka. As firefighters tried to extinguish the flames, paramedics donned tourniquets and rushed to get the casualty into an emergency vehicle using stretchers and blankets. Posters and tarps were used to cover the dead. Residents who watched shed tears and comforted each other.

　A large explosion in the middle of a busy thoroughfare shattered glass in a nearby building as pedestrians ran for cover. As firefighters responded on the scene, there was a raging fire and thick black smoke billowing from charred cars and buildings. The explosion left blood spatter on the floor, burning cars, destroyed buildings, and paramedics transporting dead bodies. According to Ukrainian prosecutors, about 30 pavilions, 20 stores, administrative buildings, apartments, and power lines were damaged. Shortly after Secretary of State Antony Blinken's visit to Kiev with more than $1 billion in military and humanitarian aid to Ukraine, Russian forces launched a missile attack.

Warning: Paramedics carry on a stretcher the body of a man who was killed after a Russian rocket attack on the food market in the city center of Kostiantynivka, September, 6, 2023.(AP Photo/ Evgeniy Maloletka)

He is a 38-year-old male atomic bomb survivor. He is recovering from radiation sickness of A-bomb disease about 3 months after the atomic bomb was dropped. He showed necrosis of the oral gums and mandible.

　　He is a 38-year-old male atomic bomb survivor. He is recovering from A-bomb radiation sickness. He was photographed approximately 3 months after the atomic bomb was dropped. He showed necrosis of the gums and mandible in the oral cavity.

　Ulceration of the mucous membranes, including gingivitis, stomatitis, and pharyngitis, was common in more severe cases of A-bomb disease. Clinical manifestations were similar to those of leukopenia. It was customarily accompanied by hemorrhagic diarrhea, which was difficult to assess because in many cases it was due to contagious inflammation. Petechiae may appear on the mucous membranes at the onset of gingivitis. However, skin hemorrhage appeared much later. Based on the data collected in Hiroshima, most cases occurred within a radius of about 1.5 km from the hypocenter.

　The U.S. Strategic Bombing Survey Group was formed on November 3, 1944, under orders from President Roosevelt. President Truman ordered an investigation into the effectiveness of air raids against Japan on August 15, 1945. The U.S. Strategic Bombing Survey Group for the war against Japan consisted of about 300 civilians, 350 officers, and 500 enlisted men. Starting in early September 1945, about a month after the atomic bombs were dropped, branches were established in Nagoya, Osaka, Hiroshima, and Nagasaki, with Tokyo as the base. The materials collected by the survey team were transferred to a permanent government agency, which conducted on-site surveys in the A-bombed cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki for approximately 10 weeks from October to December 1945. The survey team collaborated with other survey organizations such as the Joint Conference on Atomic Bomb Surveys of Japan, the Anglo-Japanese Survey Mission to Japan, and the Japanese Naval Technical Survey Mission to Japan.

　There was no record of the cause of death of those who died immediately after the atomic bombs exploded. Radiation does not cause death immediately, and deaths from exposure to the atomic bombs are caused by other factors of injury. The Hiroshima Prefectural Health Bureau estimated that about 60% were burns (flash or fire burns), about 30% were falling debris, and about 10% were other injuries. Other estimates were that about 50% were due to burns and about 50% were other physical injuries.

　For survivors very close to the hypocenter who suffered neither flash burns nor secondary injuries, A-bomb sickness developed within two to three days, causing hemorrhagic diarrhea and acute inflammation of the upper respiratory tract and gastrointestinal mucosa. Some died within two to three days of developing A-bomb sickness. Most of the survivors died about a week later. The Japanese investigators had difficulty in proving significant changes in the blood in survivors who died within a short period of time.

The fighting between the Japanese and Chinese forces during the Sino-Japanese War's continental penetration campaign was harsh. Many soldiers of the army were killed and wounded in battle. Chinese troops transported their dead and wounded soldiers on stretchers to a newly established field hospital in Guangxi Province.

 The fighting between the Japanese and Chinese armies during the Sino-Japanese War's Continental Strike was harsh. Many soldiers of the army were killed and wounded. For this reason, the Chinese army built more field hospitals one after another. Even so, it was impossible to fully accommodate the dead and wounded soldiers. They transported the dead and wounded soldiers on stretchers to the newly established field hospitals in Guangxi Province. A Chinese military nurse was watching over them. Chinese battle-wounded soldiers who arrived on foot waited in front of the field hospital for treatment procedures.

　In the battle of Guilin and Liuzhou, the Japanese 11th Army planned to attack Guilin. The distance between the two cities was 120 kilometers, and the Chinese dispatched forces had planned to have the 23rd Army invade Liuzhou since the planning of Operation No. 1, but the plan was not activated. The 11th Army was determined to attack Guilin, and its plan was decided on October 5, 1944.

　The Japanese 11th Army was the main force in the Guilin campaign, while the 23rd Army checked the Chongqing Army from the flank. The 104th Division under the 23rd Army invaded Guangxi Province on October 14 to check the Chinese Chongqing Army. The Japanese occupation of airfields in the Tanzhu Plain also posed a threat to the Chinese forces, and the 22nd Division, which invaded Wulin in mid-October, remained in air defense bunkers under heavy bombardment by American bombers.

  On October 26, the 11th Army received orders to attack Guilin and ordered the 3rd and 37th Divisions to launch. On November 4, the Takeshita Battalion of the 34th Infantry Regiment broke through the rain and began cooking in the highlands of Shuren, working tirelessly and without sleep. The Chongqing troops fired on this fire with American-made 10mm howitzers for the first time.

  On October 28, the Chongqing Army began retreating in front of the 58th Division. The 58th Division's first-line troops began a pursuit. The 40th Division began its advance into Guilin. The 40th Division attacked from the south of Guilin, was counterattacked by the Chinese forces, and conversely, was forced to fight an uphill battle and was ordered to attack from the eastern front.

　On November 4, a night attack on Qixingyan was launched to capture Guilin City, the largest operation of Operation Xianggui. The Chinese forces began to respond with guns and mortars from within their positions. The Japanese used flamethrowers, but were met with fierce defenses by the Chongqing troops, and the bloody battle continued until the morning of November 8. The Chinese protested that the Japanese had used poison gas.

  On November 9, a general attack on Guilin by the 58th Division broke out. The Japanese forces, mainly 42 field guns, and from the air, the 5th Air Force gun-bombed the city. The Chongqing Army responded violently, and even boldly bombarded Japanese tanks. The Japanese troops succeeded in rushing into Guilin City through the Shuidongmen Gate, and the castle was plunged into a state of confusion. The urban battle began, in which it was difficult to distinguish between friend and foe. After a day and a half of fierce fighting, Guilin was secured by the 11th Army. The number of casualties on the Japanese side was unknown. Chinese casualties numbered approximately 5,600 dead and over 13,000 prisoners of war. The Japanese occupied Guilin and Liuzhou, and took all the U.S. military air bases in southwestern China, the objective of "Operation I."

Cape Chersoneze in the Crimean offensive, the area in front of and behind the walls that were breached by Soviet forces on May 12, 1944, was littered with helmets, rifles, bayonets, and other weapons and equipment, from the thousands of dead German soldiers on the ground.

　　Cape Chersoneze in the Crimean offensive was destroyed by Soviet troops on May 12, 1944, and the area in front of and behind the walls was filled with thousands of shell craters and scorched by Soviet artillery fire. Hundreds of German vehicles lay on the ground. The ground was littered with helmets, rifles, bayonets, and other weapons and equipment from thousands of dead German soldiers. Soviet soldiers accumulated the remnants of the German army in large piles. The ground was also littered with scraps of documents, including photographs of German soldiers, personal papers, maps, and personal letters. The sea around the lighthouse, which was almost entirely filled with corpses and left in ruins, was littered with the corpses of German soldiers and the remains of rafts at the tip of Cape Chersonezh.

　On the Eastern Front of World War II, the Crimean Offensive (April 8-May 12, 1944) was an offensive by the Soviet Red Army against German-controlled Crimea. The Soviet Red Army's Fourth Ukrainian Front engaged the German 17th Army of the South Ukrainian Army Group, consisting of the Wehrmacht and the Romanian Army. The German and Romanian forces suffered considerable losses while withdrawing from the Crimean offensive.

　On May 5, 1944, Soviet forces launched a general assault on their base in Sevastopol, Crimea. Soviet forces liberated Sevastopol on May 9 after about four days of heavy fighting. About 30,000 remnants of the defeated German 17th Army fled to Cape Chersoneze in the Crimea. In pursuit of the Germans, the frontline troops were assigned the Soviet Army's 19th Tank Corps, which immediately invaded the defensive line covering Cape Chersoneze. The Germans stoutly defended themselves so that they could be relieved from the waters of the Black Sea. The Soviet Black Sea Fleet, front-line artillery, and air units prevented the Germans from evacuating. Raising their forces, the Soviet front line troops broke through the last German defenses on Crimean land and defeated them on May 12. Ultimately, some 21,000 German soldiers were captured at Cape Chersoneze, and large quantities of weapons and armaments were captured.

　On May 12, 1944, Soviet artillery and the 10th Rifle Corps of the 51st Army opened fire on the Germans at Cape Chersoneze. After the bombardment, the Soviet troops broke through the German defenses. By 7AM, units of the 51st Soviet Army controlled the entire coast of Streetskaya Bay, Kruglaya Bay, and Kamishevaya Bay. The Soviet Coastal Army and 19th Tank Corps cleared the Germans from Cape Chersoneze by 10 A.M. By 12 A.M. on May 12, the last German resistance at Cape Chersoneze was crushed, ending the Strategic Offensive in the Crimea, which had lasted from April 8 to May 12, 1944. Soviet forces broke through the Perekop isthmus in the Sevastopol area, the Kerch Peninsula, and the deeply stratified defenses of the German Army, defeating the German 17th Field Army. During the Crimean offensive, Soviet forces lost approximately 17,754 men killed and 67,065 wounded in action. German troops lost about 31,700 killed and 33,400 wounded. Romanian troops lost approximately 25,800 killed and 5,800 wounded.

 

On the Western Front of World War II, in November 1944, the bodies of German artillerymen killed by Allied bombing remained on the site of a German battery on the Dutch island of Warkelen.

 　　The body of a German artillery soldier killed by Allied bombing remains on the site of a German battery on the Dutch island of Warkelen in November 1944 on the Western Front of World War II. The German soldiers were killed while seated on their gun emplacements, and on November 1, 1944, British Special Forces landed in the village of Westkapelle in order to collapse German coastal batteries overlooking the Schelde River. In an amphibious assault (Operation Infatuate), the German coastal batteries collapsed and by November 8 all German resistance on Warkelen Island had ceased.

　The Battle of Walcheren Causeway (Operation Vigor) was the Battle of Suhelde between the 5th Canadian Infantry Brigade, the 52nd British (Lowland) Infantry Division, and the German 15th Army Corps from October 31 to November 2, 1944. This battle was the first of many battles that took place on and around the island of Walkeren during the Battle of Scheldt. It was also the second major battle fought over the terrain known as the Sloedam during World War II.

　Located at the mouth of the Schelde River in the Netherlands, Warkelen Island was an island that allowed the use of Antwerp's deep-water harbor located upstream. In May 1940, during World War II, fighting between the Dutch and German forces took place and the Germans occupied the island. from October 31 to November 2, 1944, fighting broke out again at the Battle of Warkelen Causeway, a battle on the banks of the Schelde River. on October 3, 1944, the Allied air forces bombed the breakwater at West Capel, causing the flooding of Warkelen Island. The 2nd Canadian Infantry Division broke through east of South Beveland and approached Warkelen Island on October 31, 1944. The lead elements of the 5th Canadian Infantry Brigade, whose assault boats were crippled in the deep mud of Slough Strait, had their only line of fire at the Warkelen Causeway, about 40 meters wide.

　From South Beland to Walcheren Island, there was a land bridge of about 1.6 km. Canadian Black Watch troops dispatched a company on the night of October 31, but were stopped by the Germans. The Calgary Highlanders sent two companies to establish a bridgehead on Warkelen Island in a second attack. The Calgary Highlanders suffered 64 casualties and were eventually repulsed by the Germans. The Maisonneuve Regiment relieved the Calgary Highlanders troops and others on the causeway. The 1st Battalion, Glasgow Highlanders of the British 52nd Infantry Division followed.

　On November 1, 1944, British Special Forces landed at the village of West Capel to collapse German coastal batteries overlooking the Schelde River. In an amphibious assault (Operation Infatuate), the German coastal batteries collapsed and by November 8 all German resistance on Warkelen Island had ceased. About 160 Allied troops were killed or wounded and about 60 more Germans were killed.

Suspects in an attempted coup were publicly executed by firing squad in Lago, Nigeria, Africa, on March 11, 1976; 32 of the suspects involved in the February 13 coup attempt were executed by firing squad.

 　　Suspects in the attempted coup were publicly executed by firing squad in Lago, Nigeria, Africa, on March 11, 1976.Thirty-two of the suspects involved in the February 13, 1976 coup attempt were executed by firing squad.

　The 1976 Nigerian Coup Attempt was an attempted military coup in Nigeria on February 13, 1976. A faction of military officers led by Lieutenant Colonel Bukar Suwa Dimka attempted to overthrow the government of General Murtala Mohammed (who took power in a coup in July 1975).

　 General Mohammed was assassinated in Lagos along with his aide, Lieutenant Akintunde Akinsehinwa. Mohammed's car was ambushed by army soldiers led by Dimka in Ikoyi on the way to the Dodan barracks. The coup attempt was suppressed by Nigerian government forces a few hours later.

  After a nearly three-week manhunt, Lieutenant Colonel Dimka was arrested on March 6, 1976, near Abakaliki in southeastern Nigeria. Following a court-martial, 38 military and civilians, including Lt. Col. Dimka, were sentenced to death by firing squad. Dimka and six other co-conspirators were shot to death on May 15, 1976. General Mohammed was succeeded as Nigeria's head of state by Lieutenant General Olusegun Obasanjo.

 In border disputes since the early 1960s, many African colonies have transitioned to independent states with the cooperation of the Commonwealth. In Nigeria, Africa's largest nation, the transition to the Commonwealth was almost as smooth as it initially appeared on the outside. Even Nigeria, the centerpiece of Britain's democratic export, was embroiled in a long and bloody civil war as early as 1965. Demonstrating the problems of political integration and nation-building in the African context, the 1970s ended with military rule, a hallmark of most independent states; from 1966 to 1993, seven military coups broke out in Nigeria; from 1967 to 1970, the Biafra Civil War broke out; from 1979 to A second republic was established until 1983.

In the Rwandan civil war in Africa, the bodies of approximately 500 Tutsi civilians killed by Hutu militiamen on June 17, 1994 lie scattered inside a Catholic church in Nyamata.

    Bodies of about 500 Tutsi civilians killed by Hutu militias on June 17, 1994 lie scattered inside a Catholic church in Nyamata, Rwanda, Africa, during the Rwandan civil war. The Rwandan civil war broke out on April 7, 1994, and about 10,000 Tutsi civilians took refuge in the former Catholic Church in early April 1994. However, Hutu militiamen cut a hole in the brick wall and fired grenades inside; between April 14 and April 19, 1994, approximately 10,000 people were killed in the Nyamata church compound alone. Behind the church is a mass grave where approximately 45,308 genocide victims were buried.

　Hutu militias stormed the church and shot people inside it with machetes. Altar scarves are still covered in blood. After the massacre, many Tutsi civilians were also killed in the surrounding areas. Around 50,000 corpses were buried in graves around the Nyamata church building, located about 30 km south of the capital, Kigali. Holes in the walls and bullet holes in the ceiling remain. The only items left behind by the victims were their clothes and identification cards. The IDs, which identified whether they were Tutsi or Hutu, had special significance.

　The Rwandan genocide broke out between April 7 and July 15, 1994, during the Rwandan civil war. Over a period of about 100 days, the ethnic Tutsi minority and some moderate Hutus and Twa were killed by armed Hutu militias. The Tutsi death toll was estimated at approximately 500,000 to 800,000. The scale and brutality of the genocide shocked the world. No country intervened to forcibly stop the killings. Most of the victims were killed in their own villages and towns, many by neighbors and fellow villagers. Hutu gangs sought out and massacred victims hiding in churches and school buildings. Hutu militias killed victims with machetes and rifles. Sexual violence was rampant, and it was estimated that approximately 250,000 to 500,000 women were raped during the genocide.

On November 13, 2023, a Palestinian was killed by an Israeli airstrike in Khan Younis, in the southern Gaza Strip, Palestinian territory. A mother wails beside the body of her victimized child in a hospital in Khan Younis.

On November 13, 2023, a Palestinian was killed by an Israeli airstrike in Khan Younis, in the southern Gaza Strip, Palestinian territory. A mother, a relative of Baraka and Abu Reda, weeps beside the body of her victimized child in a hospital in Khan Younis. 

　At al-Ahli Hospital, the largest hospital in the Gaza Strip, completely surrounded by Israeli forces on the 38th day of the Israeli invasion of Gaza, patients cried out for help from medical personnel as they ran out of food, water and fuel. Al-Shifa Hospital ran out of fuel in the hospital on November 13, putting premature babies in imminent danger of death. Five premature babies have already died in the past few days.

　Al-Shifa Hospital, the largest medical facility in the Gaza Strip, was declared closed on November 11 after Israeli forces intensified their shelling of the area and ground forces continued the siege since November 10; on November 13, stray dogs ate dead civilians in the hospital yard; since November 10, Israeli snipers and tanks have been firing at the hospital compound at close range, Since November 10, Israeli snipers and tanks have been firing at close range from the hospital facility, and no one is allowed in or out of the hospital. The hospital facility has no water or electricity, and has run out of food and fuel. There is only one outlet for anesthesia equipment and nothing but life-saving treatment. Incubators for premature infants require large amounts of electricity. Premature infants are immunocompromised and require complete isolation to prevent infection. Because of the power outage, premature infants were also moved to regular beds. There is no place to move or bury the bodies. The corpses are a source of infections, epidemics, and other diseases; eight Palestinian patients have died since the morning of November 13. Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) also reported on November 10 that the situation in the closed Gaza Strip is very bad and inhuman. There are about 600 inpatients and 37 infants in the Al-Shifa Hospital facility, and the doctors are not evacuating the abandoned. The hospital has no electricity, no water, no food, and if the ventilators do not work, the patients will die within hours.

　Israeli forces also attacked ambulances transporting patients to the hospital. There are many dead bodies in front of the hospital as well as wounded, but they cannot be brought inside the hospital. Several people leaving al-Shifa Hospital were killed, bombed, and killed by snipers. Assurances are given to wounded patients and medical teams inside Al-Shifa Hospital that if they evacuate the patients first, the medical personnel will also be evacuated. al-Quads Hospital became the only hospital that still provided medical services in the besieged area. Israeli shelling of Gaza over the past 38 days has killed 11,240 Palestinians, including 4,630 children and 3,130 women, Gaza authorities announced.

Warning: A woman mourns a child and other family members by their bodies at a hospital, following Israeli strikes, in Khan Younis in the southern Gaza Strip, 13 November 2023 (Reuters)

A Hiroshima atomic bomb was dropped and exploded on August 6, 1945, and a boy was exposed to severe burns on his face and arms. Immediately thereafter, he was transported to the Hijiyama National School relief station and admitted there.

   A Hiroshima atomic bomb was dropped and exploded on August 6, 1945, and a boy was exposed to severe burns on his face and arms. Immediately thereafter, he was transported to and admitted into the relief station of Hijiyama National School. Hijiyama National School was located approximately 2.8 km southeast of the hypocenter and escaped the fire. Immediately after the atomic bombing, injured Hiroshima citizens were evacuated, and the school became one of the 13 relief centers declared by Hiroshima Prefecture on August 7.

　From August 8, Hijiyama National School became an evacuation center for lost children, especially small children, children who were not in diapers, children who had suffered severe burns, and children who had been seriously injured. The victimized children were rescued by four or five teachers and members of the local women's club.

　At night, the children woke up crying, saying, 'Mom, I want to go to the latrine. Inside the dark relief station, another child woke up and started crying. The child had diarrhea from the atomic bombing and could not wait long for the latrine, soiling herself on the way. The child soiled his bed without waking up. The next morning, blankets and mosquito nets soiled with bloody excrement were hastily washed by hand, dried in the sun, and used again in the evening. The small children who absorbed large amounts of radiation lost their hair due to alopecia, continued to suffer from diarrhea, grew thinner by the day, and finally died of atomic bomb sickness. They were cremated one after another in a corner of the schoolyard, and unleashed military dogs ransacked the corpses, waiting for the next incineration.

 　On August 8, two days after the atomic bombing, Hijiyama National School became the "Hijiyama Lost Children Camp" for orphans (called "lost children" at the time). At one time, about 200 children were housed there, but many of them died there of atomic bomb-related illnesses. The atomic bombing brought unprecedented chaos, and relief began for children whose guardians were not known to be alive or dead; by September 2, a total of 91 children (including 36 girls) were accepted, of which 40 were 0-5 years old, 47 were 6-12 years old, and 4 were 13 years old or older. Of these, 18 were taken in by their parents, 14 by relatives, etc. A total of 32 were taken in, but 9 died in the atomic bombings due to acute radiation injury from the bombs.

At the end of World War II, during the Battle of Zelow Highlands on the Eastern Front, a wounded and critically ill Soviet soldier was surrounded by allied Soviet soldiers, while a Soviet soldier sitting next to him looked on.

   During the Battle of Seelow Heights on the Eastern Front at the end of World War II, a wounded and critically injured Soviet soldier was surrounded by Soviet Red Army soldiers, while a Soviet Red Army soldier sitting next to his comrade looked on with concern.

　The battle broke out over four days from April 16 to April 19, 1945. About one million soldiers of the First White Russian Army stormed from the Berlin entrance to the Zerow Heights, defended by 100,000 soldiers of the 9th Wehrmacht. The battle of the Zöllow Heights was often part of the Battle of Oder-Neisse. One of several crossings of the Oder-Neisse River by the Soviet Red Army, the Zerow Heights was the scene of fierce fighting. The German positions were finally crushed by Soviet troops on April 19, opening the way to Berlin.

　At 3:00 a.m. on April 16, the Soviets began a massive bombardment of German positions with artillery and Katyusha rockets. The bulk of the bombardment attacked the German first line of defense in front of the high ground. The Germans anticipated the bombardment and withdrew most of their troops to the second line of defense on the plateau. The Soviets were severely hampered in their invasion by swamps in the valley, canals, and other obstacles, and the Soviets soon began taking heavy losses from the German anti-tank guns on the high ground; on the morning of April 17, a massive artillery barrage began, signaling a new Soviet invasion of the Zerow Highlands. The German positions on the Zerow Heights were further damaged by the Soviet advance to the south, and on April 18 the Soviets launched another offensive and began to break through the German lines, at great cost. German positions collapsed and the Germans began to retreat westward toward Berlin. The road to Berlin was opened and the Soviet forces began a rapid advance toward the capital, Berlin.

　In the battle of the Zerow Highlands, the Germans lost about 12,000 dead and the Soviets suffered more than 30,000 casualties. The last organized German defense between the Soviets and Berlin was virtually eliminated. The Zerow Highlands were the last German defenses, and there were no longer any German troops standing in the way of the Soviet Red Army, which had only about 90 kilometers to go to Berlin. The Soviet forces invading the west besieged the German capital Berlin on April 23 and began the final battle of the Battle of Berlin; Berlin fell on May 2, and World War II in Europe ended five days later with the unconditional surrender on May 7.

On the Eastern Front of World War II, in January 1942, the bodies of Soviet soldiers killed in the Battle of Tropets Holm were piled up. The Battle of Holm was formulated as Nazi Germany's propaganda, with German soldiers being canonized as heroic fighters.

　　In January 1942, on the Eastern Front of World War II, the bodies of Soviet soldiers killed in the Tropets Holm siege piled up. After the German defeat at Leningrad, the invading Soviet forces kept the German troops at Holm under siege for about three months. The Soviet Red Army surrounded the German 16th Army, and the Luftwaffe supplied the German 16th Army until the siege was lifted on April 21.

　The Tropets Holm Offensive broke out on January 18, 1942, when Soviet partisans attacked the German-occupied transportation hub of Cholm. A few days later, the Soviet Red Army surrounded the town of Holm and its German garrison, which was resupplied by the Luftwaffe for over three months before a German relief offensive in May 1942 brought the German garrison back into contact. During the Tropets Holm Offensive, the Germans were surrounded for the first time on the Eastern Front by Soviet units for an extended period of time.

　During the Tropets Holm Offensive, heavy artillery fire continued to inflict heavy losses, and on May 1, 1942, about 100 German soldiers and 600 Soviet soldiers were killed; on May 3, the Soviets again lost several hundred men and 13 tanks; on May 18, Soviet troops withdrew from the southeastern sector; on June 8, the northeastern sector was occupied by German troops. On June 8, the Germans occupied the northeastern part. After the conclusion of the offensive, which lasted from January 18 to June 8, 1942, the Germans lost about 1,550 men killed and 2,200 wounded. The Soviet forces suffered approximately 25,000 casualties. Later, on February 21, 1944, the German garrison occupying Holm surrendered in a major offensive by the Soviet Red Army.

　The Battle of Holm was formulated as a heroic battle for German soldiers as propaganda for Nazi Germany. It was used for propaganda purposes in the months following its conclusion. Soldiers who participated were awarded the Holm Shield Medal and General Scherer's Knight's Iron Cross with an oak leaf. The Wehrmacht's official newspaper, Die Wehrmacht, conducted interviews with several combat participants and published many articles. It included the pictorial report "Kampfgruppe Scherer - 105 Tage eingeschlossen" by Richard Mook, a member of the War Press Corps who took approximately 2,500 photographs between the siege and the escape.