On August 13th 1940, the German army shot dead Poles in Urszyna, near Warsaw, Poland. The victims were knocked down, blindfolded and had plaster put in their mouths. They were shot dead from a short distance of about 2 meters by a firing squad.

    On August 13th 1940, the Germans shot dead Poles in Urszyna, near Warsaw, Poland. The victims were knocked down, blindfolded and their mouths stuffed with plaster. They were shot dead from a distance of about two meters by a firing squad. The bodies of the victims were examined and collected in a hollow in the field.

    In the vicinity of the forest near the village of Apollonka, near Janów, the Gestapo and the Security Police executed 15 young Poles by shooting them as part of Operation AB (Abnormal Pacification). This was a measure taken in all the territories of Poland occupied by the Germans. Polish prisoners of war captured in Operation AB were to be killed near the place of their imprisonment. The killing of prisoners was disguised as the execution of a sentence, and was preceded by a summary trial procedure carried out by the police.

     In places such as Czestochowa in Poland, Operation AB began on the night of June 3rd to 4th, 1940. The arrests were carried out by police officers and Gestapo officers based on a list of people to be arrested. This included people who had already been imprisoned by the Gestapo. The prisoners were taken to the prison in Czestochowa. The arrests spread to the intelligentsia and the working world, and suspected of being involved in the resistance movement. On June 28, June 29, July 1, July 3, July 4, August 13, August 16, and September 25, 1940, executions were carried out in which around 90 Poles were shot dead in the villages of Olsztyn, Apollonka, and Wigoda (near Cieśkowa).