Friday, January 3, 2025

At the end of the Pacific War, during the Battle of Manila, the capital of the Philippines, the bodies of a small boy and a woman were found lying in the ruins of Intramuros, having been massacred by the Japanese army.

   At the end of the Pacific War, during the Battle of Manila, the capital of the Philippines, the body of a small boy who had been massacred by the Japanese army was lying in the ruins of Intramuros. There was also the body of another woman nearby. Intramuros is a historic walled area in the city of Manila, covering 67 square kilometers.

  In January 1945, when the American troops returned to the Philippines, the battle to liberate Manila began. The Japanese troops were pushed back and eventually retreated to within the walls of Intramuros. The American troops heavily bombarded the walled city of Manila, and more than 16,665 Japanese soldiers died within Intramuros. Two of Intramuros' eight gates were heavily damaged by American tanks. The bombing destroyed and pulverized most of Intramuros. In the Battle of Manila, more than 100,000 Filipino men, women and children died between February 3 and March 3, 1945.

  The attack on Intramuros began on the morning of February 23 with a bombardment of 140 guns, after which 148 units of the American army attacked, breaching the walls between Quezon and Parián gates, while 129 units crossed the Pasig River and attacked the area around the Government Mint. The battle for Intramuros continued until February 26. On February 23, the Japanese army killed most of the men in a group of about 3,000 civilians who had been taken hostage. Colonel Noguchi's soldiers and sailors killed 1,000 men and women.

  On March 4, the Americans secured Intramuros and Manila was officially liberated. In this battle, 1,010 American soldiers were killed and 5,565 were wounded. At least 100,000 Filipino civilians were killed in both the deliberate Manila massacre by the Japanese army and the shelling and bombing by the Japanese and American forces. Of the 17,000 Japanese soldiers who took part in the Battle of Manila, 16,000 were killed in action.



Thursday, January 2, 2025

On April 15th 1994, genocide broke out in the village of Nyarubue in Rwanda. The bodies of Tutsis massacred by Hutu militias were scattered around the Nyamata Catholic Church.

  On April 15th 1994, genocide broke out in the village of Nyarubue in Rwanda. The bodies of Tutsis massacred by Hutu militias were scattered around the Nyamata Catholic Church.

  When the Belgian army and administrators, who had governed Rwanda since 1922, withdrew on April 7th 1944, Hutu leaders took control of Rwanda. There were attacks on the Tutsi, and some Tutsi fled across the border into Uganda, forming guerrilla units and aiming to retake power. In the summer of 1996, Tutsi guerrilla forces swept from Zaire to the capital. Mobutu's Hutu army collapsed and fled the country. Kabila took control of the country and renamed it the Democratic Republic of the Congo. In a war called the All-African Alliance, the government of the largest country in sub-Saharan Africa, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, was replaced.

  On April 6th 1994, the plane of the Hutu president was shot down and he was killed. For several months, young Hutu villagers had joined armed militia groups and armed themselves with spears and machetes. In other parts of the country, Hutu groups began killing Tutsis.

  Flora Mukampole's husband asked the village chief of Nyarubuye for protection, but the chief refused and told them to seek refuge in the church. Eventually, 3,000 Tutsis gathered around the church seeking refuge. Some of the men were armed with bows and arrows and spears, but it was to no avail. On April 15th 1994, when the Hutu militia attacked the church, the village mayor, who was leading the attack, ordered the Hutu government soldiers and police to use guns and grenades against the Tutsis. The Tutsis panicked and fled, and the Hutu militiamen chased them with machetes and killed the Tutsis. The Tutsi people were hacked to pieces, and the dead and injured lay in heaps.

  Flora Mukampole, who had been hit on the head with a machete, lay among the heaps of bodies. The Hutu militiamen hunted down the surviving Tutsis and killed them. She lay there motionless for several days, not leaving the church grounds. The church was filled with corpses. She stayed with the children, surrounded by thousands of decomposing bodies, and after a week, Tutsi rebel soldiers arrived at the church and took her to a hospital.



On April 14th 1945, the bodies of the prisoners who had been murdered at the Buchenwald concentration camp in Germany during World War II were laid out in a pile in the wasteland within the camp.

  On April 14th 1945, the bodies of the prisoners who had been killed in the Buchenwald concentration camp in Germany during World War II were laid out in a heap in the wasteland within the camp. There were many piles of bodies with no clothes on. The Buchenwald concentration camp, which was established in a forest near Weimar in 1937, is located about 8km northwest of Weimar, Germany. In the end, it came to control 88 smaller camps, and Buchenwald became one of the largest concentration camps in Germany. The camp held Jews, Poles, Slavs, the mentally ill, the physically disabled, political prisoners, Roma, criminals, Jehovah's Witnesses, prisoners of war, and others. For several years after the camp was established, there were no female prisoners until the end of 1943 or the beginning of 1944.

  At its peak in February 1945, the number of prisoners in Buchenwald concentration camp reached 112,000. The prisoners worked as forced laborers in 12-hour shifts in munitions factories, quarries, and various camp workshops around Weimar. Although there were no poison gas chambers in the camp, hundreds of people died from illness, malnutrition, exhaustion, beatings, and executions. Between July 1937 and April 1945, the SS had 250,000 people interned at Buchenwald.

 In early April 1945, American soldiers approached Buchenwald. German soldiers forced the prisoners to march from the main camp to various sub-camps. Many prisoners died on the way from exhaustion. Anticipating their liberation, some prisoners stormed the guard tower to take control of the concentration camp. Other prisoners fought tirelessly to protect the approximately 900 Jewish boys in the camp.

  Many of the German guards and officers fled before the approaching Allied forces. On April 11, 1945, the 83rd US Infantry Division entered Buchenwald and found more than 21,000 prisoners in the camp. It was one of the three main camps under the command of the Central Administration of the Concentration Camp, along with Dachau (near Munich) and Sachsenhausen (Berlin). In 1945, it held 47,500 prisoners from 30 countries. Of these, 20,000 were still alive when it was liberated in April 1945. It is estimated that 6 million people died in all the concentration camps. 



At the end of the Pacific War, during the Battle of Manila, the capital of the Philippines, the bodies of a small boy and a woman were found lying in the ruins of Intramuros, having been massacred by the Japanese army.

    At the end of the Pacific War, during the Battle of Manila, the capital of the Philippines, the body of a small boy who had been massacr...