At the end of the Pacific War, during the Battle of Manila, the capital of the Philippines, the body of a small boy who had been massacred by the Japanese army was lying in the ruins of Intramuros. There was also the body of another woman nearby. Intramuros is a historic walled area in the city of Manila, covering 67 square kilometers.
In January 1945, when the American troops returned to the Philippines, the battle to liberate Manila began. The Japanese troops were pushed back and eventually retreated to within the walls of Intramuros. The American troops heavily bombarded the walled city of Manila, and more than 16,665 Japanese soldiers died within Intramuros. Two of Intramuros' eight gates were heavily damaged by American tanks. The bombing destroyed and pulverized most of Intramuros. In the Battle of Manila, more than 100,000 Filipino men, women and children died between February 3 and March 3, 1945.
The attack on Intramuros began on the morning of February 23 with a bombardment of 140 guns, after which 148 units of the American army attacked, breaching the walls between Quezon and Parián gates, while 129 units crossed the Pasig River and attacked the area around the Government Mint. The battle for Intramuros continued until February 26. On February 23, the Japanese army killed most of the men in a group of about 3,000 civilians who had been taken hostage. Colonel Noguchi's soldiers and sailors killed 1,000 men and women.
On March 4, the Americans secured Intramuros and Manila was officially liberated. In this battle, 1,010 American soldiers were killed and 5,565 were wounded. At least 100,000 Filipino civilians were killed in both the deliberate Manila massacre by the Japanese army and the shelling and bombing by the Japanese and American forces. Of the 17,000 Japanese soldiers who took part in the Battle of Manila, 16,000 were killed in action.