In September 1911, after being defeated and captured by the Persian Empire forces led by Ephraim Khan, the famous general of the former Shah, Arshad-ud-Daulah, was executed as a traitor.

　　In September 1911, after being defeated and captured by the Persian Empire forces led by Ephraim Khan, the famous general of the former Shah, Arshad-ud-Daulah, was executed as a rebel. Immediately after his execution by firing squad, Persian Empire soldiers surrounded Arshad-ud-Daulah's corpse and looked down on it.

　　On the morning of Tuesday, September 5th, 1911, at 11 o'clock, the Persian Empire army under the command of Ephraim attacked the army of the former Shah Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar, which consisted of about 2,000 Turks and Persians led by Arshad-ud-Daulah, and about 1,400 mounted soldiers. The Persian Imperial Army was made up of around 500 Bakhtiyar cavalry, around 180 Armenian volunteer soldiers and military police, three Schneider cannons and one Maxim machine gun. The Bakhtiyar cavalry was under the direct command of Sardar Bahadur and Sardar Mutasem. The Persian Imperial Army, led by Amir Mujahid, was located 3.2km south of the point where they faced the Arshadud Daulah near Imamzadeh Jafar. The Persian army was made up of around 400 Bakhthiyari soldiers and several military police. An hour before midday, Arshad-ud-Daulah took up a position on a hill about 800m square, which was defended by four cannons. He sent 300 Turks to the village of Belamin, causing a panic. When the Persian Empire army led by Ephraim arrived in the area early that morning, a gun battle broke out between the Amir Mujahid army and the Turkmen army.

　　Ephraim, with Maxim machine guns and Sardar-i-Bahadur and his cavalry, went to the high ground around the right wing of the army of Arshad-ud-Daulah. The Persian Empire army reached a favorable position without being seen by anyone and opened fire on the Turks with the Maxim machine guns. According to the story of Arshad-ud-Daulah, who later became a prisoner of war, the Turks were so frightened by the deafening sound of the Maxim machine gun that their commanders fell into chaos. Unable to restore order, the cavalry of the Bakhtiyar tribe, led by Sardar-i-Bahadur, charged, and in the confusion they collapsed and fled. Al-Saddu'd-Daulah was unable to escape due to his injured leg, and was captured and executed by the Bakhtiyari troops. Ephraim Khan was killed on May 19th 1912 during the battle of Shurche in Kermanshah Province.