The Bodies of Iranian soldiers killed by Iraqi forces in the Iran-Iraq War, near the Iraqi capital Baghdad, after fighting in Al-Beida, Iraq, on 29 February 1984, are scattered. The Iran-Iraq War broke out in 1980 and lasted until 1988 due to disputes over border disagreements. The Iraqi pre-emptive invasion began on 11 February 1984, the fifth anniversary of the Iranian Revolution, when a large-scale offensive broke out from the central and soft parts of the country.
The Iran-Iraq war lasted almost eight years, from the outbreak of fighting on 22 September 1980 until 20 August 1988. The two countries' war originated directly from issues such as territorial disputes, interference in internal affairs and the exportation of the Islamic Revolution. At the root of the conflict, there are also Arab-Persian rivalries, religious issues and other points of contention, and the conflict between the two countries has deep roots. The Arab countries referred to it as the First Gulf War.
In July 1987, the UN Security Council adopted Resolution 598 calling for an immediate ceasefire and other measures in the Iran-Iraq war. Peace efforts led by the UN Secretary-General continued, with Iran accepting the resolution on 18 July 1988 and Iraq accepting it immediately after its adoption; a ceasefire took place on 20 August and direct negotiations between the two countries under the auspices of the UN Secretary-General took place from 25 August, making significant progress towards a ceasefire.
The major war between Iran and Iraq set the scene for widespread and enduring regional dynamics. The conflict, which erupted in September 1980 when Saddam Hussein invaded Iran and reached a stalemate in 1988, was the first major military test for the emerging Islamic Republic of Iran. It came just a year after the 1979 Iranian Revolution and was an existential struggle for the Iranian leadership. The Iran-Iraq war claimed at least one million lives.
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