A temporary special relief hospital was set up the following day, August 7, at the Oshiba National School in Hiroshima City, located approximately 2.4 km north of the hypocenter of the Hiroshima atomic bomb. About a month later, on October 12, an A-bombed patients were lying on a futon mattress on top of them in an in-patient room covered with goza (straw mats), and they fell asleep.

　　The Hiroshima atomic bomb was dropped and exploded by the U.S. military on August 6, 1945. A temporary special relief hospital was set up at the Oshiba National School in Hiroshima City, located approximately 2.4 km north of the hypocenter. On October 12, about a month later, an A-bombed patient was lying on a futon mattress in a hospital room covered with goza (straw mats). His family members were visiting by his side.

　The Oshiba National School, including the two-story wooden north school building and auditorium, was completely destroyed immediately after the bombing by the Hiroshima atomic bomb. The new school building on the south side, which had been built longitudinally to the hypocenter, escaped collapse. Although there were some A-bomb survivors in the Oshiba National School, no one was killed immediately by the bombing. Immediately after the bombing, A-bomb survivors rushed to the Oshiba National School grounds. A relief station was opened the next day, August 7, to provide aid. The governor of Hiroshima Prefecture announced 13 relief stations on August 7. Among them was Oshiba National School in the Nakayama area. The Oshiba National School provided aid to several hundred A-bomb survivors beginning on August 7.

　Oshiba National School was established as Oshiba Elementary School on April 1, 1926, renamed Hiroshima City Oshiba Elementary School in 1929, renamed Hiroshima City Oshiba National School in 1941, Oshiba National School was exposed to the Hiroshima atomic bomb on August 6, 1945, and renamed Hiroshima Municipal Oshiba Elementary School in 1947.

　The number of people directly exposed to the atomic bombing of Hiroshima was counted by the Hiroshima City Health Department in its 1995 report, "Report on the Atomic Bomb Survivors Dynamic Survey Project," and was approximately 243,463, mainly those within approximately 2 km of the hypocenter. Of these, approximately 83,177 had died by the end of 1945. A large number of the approximately 67,538 A-bomb survivors within approximately 2.0 km to 3.0 km were also evacuated. It was estimated that over 200,000 people were evacuated. A large number of Hibakusha died after that evacuation. It is estimated that many of the injured Hibakusha (those who suffered trauma, burns, or radiation injuries in Hiroshima City when the atomic bomb exploded) were evacuated, either on their own or by others, to relief centers somewhere.