Bodies of Tamil fishermen massacred by the Sri Lankan Navy while the men were at work in Palk Strait. These are the victims of more than 100 massacres carried out by either the Sri Lankan security forces or the Tamil resistance.

　　The bodies of Tamil fishermen who were engaged in fishing in the Palk Strait and were massacred by the Sri Lankan Navy. These are victims of over 100 massacres carried out by either Sri Lankan security forces or Tamil resistance groups. Tamils constitute 12.7% of Sri Lanka's population, and the main guerrilla organization, the LTTE (Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam), emerged from the Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF).

　　The Palk Strait, between India's Tamil Nadu state and Sri Lanka's northern Mannar district, became a frequent site of massacres and violent incidents involving Tamil fishermen throughout the Sri Lankan Civil War (1983–2009), continuing until 2025. During the Sri Lankan civil war, massacres of Tamil civilians by Sri Lankan security forces exceeded 100 incidents. The estimated death toll of Tamil civilians, up to the 2009 Murivaiyakal massacre, ranged from 40,000 to over 100,000.

　　The Mandayiv Sea Massacre (June 10, 1986) was part of the larger Parak Strait Massacre. Sri Lankan naval soldiers attacked 33 Tamil fishermen off Mandayiv, torturing many victims by gouging out their eyeballs or slashing their abdomens. Thirty-two died, with only one survivor. In the Kumdini Massacre (May 15, 1985), at least 23 Sri Lankan Tamils aboard the ferry Kumdini were hacked to death by Sri Lankan Navy soldiers while sailing between Delft Island and Nainativu Island. The Jaffna Lagoon/Killari Massacre (January 2, 1993) saw between 35 and 100 Tamil civilians killed in an attack by the Sri Lankan Navy. The Murativi Fishermen Massacre (December 9, 1984) resulted in the killing of 18 Tamil fishermen by the Sri Lankan Home Guard.

In March 1921, when German workers' struggles erupted, police arbitrarily dragged workers away, beating and shooting them in front of silos. Over 50 workers were brutally murdered inside and in front of silos.

 　In March 1921, the struggle of hundreds of thousands of German workers erupted, and the German workers suffered a bloody defeat. Police arbitrarily dragged workers away, beating and shooting them in front of the silos. Over 50 workers were killed inside or in front of the silos. The workers were brutally murdered by the Sipo. The large silo at Building 140 became a terrifying prison for 2,000 Leuna miners for days on end. The SIPO, composed of the Gestapo and Criminal Police, was part of the Security Service (SD). 

　　Leuna was one of Germany's largest chemical industrial complexes. There were only 160 sets of tableware for the silos. Initially, leaving the premises was forbidden. Later, prisoners were forced to endure humiliating marches led by guards. The captives became prime targets for criticism and attacks. On March 29, 1921, at 6:50 AM, German Reichswehr artillery positioned in front of the Leuna factory began shelling the Leuna plant. Around 8:00 AM, the Sipo assault on the Leuna factory commenced. Workers at the Leuna factory put up fierce resistance, but their defense collapsed due to a lack of ammunition.

　　Sipo and the German Imperial Defense Forces committed countless murders against the defenseless workers who had become prisoners. At the Leuna factory, 42 workers were beaten to death by the security police. At the Schlaßlau limestone quarry, six uninvolved workers were shot dead. An official investigation reported that 72 workers had been killed. Meanwhile, the workers shot only one person, the landowner Hess. The Home Guard fired on the workers' units from behind, from houses. The civilian shooters got away with only being slapped or punched by the workers. After the occupation of the Leuna factory, only sporadic fighting occurred. The workers became isolated and exhausted. They hardly responded to the general strike.

During the Sino-Soviet border conflict, on March 2, 1969, Soviet forces attacked the positions of a Chinese battalion on Damansky Island. The Chinese positions collapsed, and the bodies of Chinese soldiers were scattered across the snow.

    During the Sino-Soviet border conflict, on March 2, 1969, Soviet forces attacked the positions of a Chinese battalion on Damansky Island. The Chinese positions collapsed, and the bodies of Chinese soldiers were scattered across the snow. In the March 2 battle, the Chinese side reported 29 casualties, while the Soviet side reported 58 casualties. The Soviet side reported that 248 Chinese soldiers died on the island and the frozen river. Soviet border guards suffered 32 dead and 14 wounded. The conflict lasted from March 2, 1969, to September 11, 1969.

   The Sino-Soviet border conflict of March 1969 primarily involved severe armed clashes on the Ussuri River at Damansky Island. Cold War tensions between the two communist superpowers reached their peak. The situation escalated to the brink of nuclear war. On March 2, 1969, Chinese forces ambushed and attacked Soviet border guards on Zhenbao Island (Russian: Damansky Island), killing dozens of Soviet soldiers. The conflict stemmed from differing interpretations of the 1960 Beijing Treaty. On March 15, large-scale bloody combat erupted. Heavy artillery fire was employed, involving thousands of soldiers and resulting in heavy casualties on both sides (approximately 70 per army). The Soviet Union hinted at nuclear retaliation, while China placed its emerging nuclear forces on high alert. During the fighting, Chinese forces captured a Soviet-made T-62 tank, later reverse-engineering it to develop China's Type 69 tank.

  The crisis of the Sino-Soviet border conflict was resolved diplomatically by September 1969. The conflict convinced Chinese leaders Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai, and Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev, that the threat was real. This significantly accelerated China's strategic pivot, leading to secret contacts with the United States and ultimately culminating in President Nixon's historic visit to China in 1972. For the first time, China fully mobilized its nuclear forces, anticipating a surprise attack.

On the Western Front during World War I, the bodies of three German soldiers who had been killed in action were scattered among the ruins of the trenches at the Battle of Passchendaele on July 31, 1917.

      On the Western Front during World War I, the bodies of three German soldiers who had been killed in action lay scattered among the ruins of the trenches at the Battle of Passchendaele on July 31, 1917. The bodies of German soldiers tangled and knotted together like a hellish torrent, reaching all the way to the earthen embankments of the trenches. They were buried in a mass of chaos within the mud-filled trenches. Bodies fixed among others, bodies impaled on others, were scattered across the grim terrain. 

   The Battle of Passchendaele (the Third Battle of Ypres) was fought on the Western Front during World War I from July 31 to November 6, 1917. Both the Allied and German forces suffered immense casualties, plunging the battle into a horrific state of mud and blood. In 1917, the Allies planned an offensive to break through the Ypres Salient, held by the Entente since 1914, aiming to create a decisive breakthrough. The strategy involved capturing the high ground around Ypres, seizing the crucial railway junction further east, and then invading the German-held Belgian coastal ports, vital for U-boat operations. The fighting in the Passchendaele area lasted over 100 days, during which the Allies advanced a mere 8 km. A total of 325,000 Allied and 260,000 German soldiers were killed, wounded, or went missing. Among the Allied casualties, 38,000 were Australian soldiers, 5,300 were New Zealanders, and over 15,600 were Canadians.

   The Battle of Passchendaele, which began on July 31, saw relentless shelling churn the clay soil and destroy drainage systems. Within days, the heaviest rainfall in 30 years turned the ground into a quagmire, producing thick mud that jammed guns and immobilized tanks. The mud soon deepened, drowning soldiers and horses alike. Hundreds of thousands of troops from both sides repeatedly attacked and counterattacked across the gray, open terrain—barely offering any buildings or natural cover—plowing through the porridge-like mud amid exploding shells, flying shrapnel, machine-gun fire, and relentless, torrential rain.

The bodies of two U.S. Army soldiers, killed by Wild Bill Hickok, the lawless territory's sheriff, fell onto the sidewalk in Hays, Kansas.

 　The bodies of two U.S. Army soldiers, killed by Wild Bill Hickok, the lawless town's sheriff, fell onto the sidewalk in Hays, Kansas. Between 1867 and 1873, Hays, Kansas, saw thirty murders. This included the death of a soldier from Fort Hays, a U.S. Army fort, during a saloon shootout. The cemetery north of town, known as “Boot Hill,” buried the bodies of approximately 79 outlaws by 1885. Hays City, the county seat of Kansas, was a notorious town as a railroad terminus, attracting gamblers, brawlers, soldiers, buffalo hunters, prostitutes, and gunmen.

　　Wild Bill Hickok, with a background as a scout during the Civil War, served as a deputy federal marshal from 1867 to 1870 and later as sheriff in lawless towns like Hays City and Abilene. Hickok's reputation for gunfights and his efforts to maintain order earned him legendary status. In 1876, he was fatally wounded while playing poker in Deadwood, South Dakota. On August 2, 1876, Jack McCall shot Wild Bill Hickok in the back of the head while he was playing poker at a local saloon. 

　　Gun control and standing police forces in the West during the 20th century were effective in curbing violence. Although there were gunmen, no cattle town had more than five murders per year. The only people killed in cattle ranch towns were Hardin and Earp. Hardin, while drunk, shot through the wall of his hotel room and killed a snoring man. Earp, as a law enforcement officer, accidentally killed two people, one of whom was a special constable. The average number of murders per year in cattle ranch towns was only 1.5.

The Battle of Limanowa in December 1914 saw brutal hand-to-hand combat unfold in the forested mountainous terrain. At a mass grave in the Limanowa Forest near Mordarka, Russian troops exhumed the bodies of their fallen soldiers.

    On the Eastern Front of World War I, the Battle of Limanowa in December 1914 saw brutal hand-to-hand combat unfold in the forested mountainous terrain. At a mass grave in the Limanowa Forest near Mordarka, Russian troops exhumed the bodies of their fallen comrades. Hungarian soldiers fought fiercely against the Russians, using their rifle butts as clubs. Broken rifles lay scattered, and the bodies of Russian soldiers with shattered skulls littered the ground. 

   The Russian Third Army advanced rapidly westward, closing in on Kraków, an important Austrian fortress city. The Austro-Hungarian Army executed a bold and dangerous operation to reverse their disadvantage, creating a gap between the Russian 4th and 3rd Armies and luring the Russians in. While the Russian forces were concentrated in the west, they deployed the Roth Corps from the south, launching a surprise attack on the Russian left flank to encircle and annihilate them.

    The Battle of Limanowa raged fiercely from December 1 to 13, 1914, around Limanowa and Wapienica in southern Poland. From December 1 to 5, the Austro-Hungarian Army, reinforced by German troops, began its advance on Limanowa. The Russian Army, underestimating the threat from the flank, persisted with its frontal assault on Krakow. From December 6 to 10, the Roth Corps struck the flank of the Russian Third Army, sparking fierce fighting. 

    The Austro-Hungarian forces were composed of multi-ethnic units, including Austrians, Hungarians, and the Polish Legions fighting for Polish independence. The terrain was rugged, forcing many cavalrymen to dismount and fight as infantry. The bloody battle on the hills of Jabłonowiec erupted on December 11-12. 

   The fighting culminated on the hills of Jabłonowiec near Limanowa. Russian reinforcements arrived, pushing the Austrian front to the brink of collapse. Hungarian hussars and units like the 9th and 13th Regiments engaged the Russians in hand-to-hand combat, suffering heavy casualties but pushing the Russians back and holding the hill at all costs. From December 13th, the Russian army was in retreat. With their flanks threatened and supply lines cut, the Russians finally ordered a full withdrawal, ending the threat to Krakow. 

　 

On May 13, 1943, German military doctors allowed Allied prisoners of war to observe the autopsies of victims killed by Soviet forces in the Katyn Forest, as part of the International Katyn Investigation.

    On May 13, 1943, German military doctors allowed Allied prisoners of war to observe the autopsies of victims killed by Soviet forces in the Katyn Forest, as part of the International Katyn Investigation. On the left is the German forensic scientist who chaired the Katyn massacre investigation. On March 5, 1940, Soviet authorities decided to execute more than 21,000 Polish nationals who had been taken prisoner after the Soviet invasion of Poland. The executions were carried out by the NKVD, the Soviet political police.

   After the discovery of the mass graves in the Katyn Forest was announced on April 11, 1943, Lieutenant Colonel Van Fleet Jr. was selected, along with Lieutenant Colonel Stuart and Lieutenant Colonel Frank Parker Stephenson, at Oflag IX/AZ to participate in the International Katyn Commission's exhumation work in the Katyn Forest. On May 13, 1943, Allied prisoners of war participated in the activities of the International Katyn Commission, viewing many exhibits and witnessing the autopsies.

   It was determined that the massacre in the Katyn Forest included more than 25,000 Poles. The breakdown was 8,000 officers, 6,000 police officers, and 8,000 civilians, including priests, rabbis, nobles, and professionals. Additionally, 14 generals, 1 admiral, 24 colonels, 79 lieutenant colonels, 17 naval captains, 3,000 non-commissioned officers, civilians, civil servants, intellectuals, and 200 pilots—including Janina Lewandowska, the first female pilot in the Polish Army—were also among the victims.